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Should I use a custom taxonomy or custom post type for grouping a list of panels associated with a group of tests?

I am struggling to word this correctly, but we have a list of laboratory blood tests listed:

These are all groupings of specific tests. Each of these can have some/any/none of the following lab tests:

As per my example, a Basic Panel (metabolic panel) will include Blood Chemistry and maybe a CBC. A Liver Panel will include Blood Chemistry, LFT, etc. A Comprehensive Panel would include all in a Basic Panel and a bunch more.

So we have tests that can be shared between different test panels, where those will all contain the same metadata in each; meaning, a CBC for a Liver Panel will be the same as a Basic Panel.

My question is – would we be better off creating a Custom Post Type for Panels and then having another Custom Post Type for specific tests, and storing the CPT data for Tests as metadata in the Panel; or would we be better using a custom taxonomy?

I want to do this in the most efficient manner, but I do not want people to easily mess this up either. What are the benefits/pitfalls for using one or the other?

EDIT

I should add, I would like to be able to display the Panel, associated Tests, and metadata about each test on the front end of the site if possible.