Show all of the phrases inside a customized taxonomy

I’m seeking to make just a few totally different shows on the house web page of phrases inside sure taxonomies in addition to their picture subject as outlined by ACF.

I’ve been trying on-line and located 2 major other ways to do that and want to initially ask what’s the distinction between the 2:?

WP_Term_Query();

and

get_terms();

That is the code I’ve up to now however it doesn’t appear to work with the_title() and the_permalink().

Additionally, it shows the ACF picture subject of the primary end result however then repeats the identical picture for the others.
The ACF customized picture subject on the time period is ‘artist_thumbnail_image’

<?php
$args = array(
    'taxonomy'               => 'artist',
    'orderby'                => 'title',
    'order'                  => 'ASC',
    'hide_empty'             => false,
    'meta_key'               => 'artist_featured',
    'meta_value'             => '1',
    'meta_compare'           => '==',
);
$the_query = new WP_Term_Query($args);
foreach ($the_query->get_terms() as $time period) { ?>
    <?php echo $term->title; ?>

    <?php
    $featuredartistid = $term->term_id;
    $featuredartist = get_field('artist', $featuredartistid);
    $featuredartistthumbnailimage = get_field('artist_thumbnail_image', $featuredartist);
    $featuredartistthumbnailimagesize = 'thumbnail'; ?>

    <a href="<?php echo the_permalink(); ?>">
        <?php echo wp_get_attachment_image($artistthumbnailimage, $artistthumbnailimagesize); ?>
    </a>

<?php } ?>