The right way to "group" (categorize) the Pages collectively?

I’ve plenty of Pages which could be (have to be) grouped underneath a lot of completely different Classes. ** Then the extra necessary factor is, i would like to regulate these pages (of various teams) programatically through capabilities.php.

Shall we say, i’d have:

• Web page A (Categorized as: Fruits)
• Web page B (Categorized as: Automobiles)
• Web page C (Categorized as: Automobiles)
• Web page D (Categorized as: Fruits)
• Web page E (Categorized as: Know-how)

Then from capabilities.php, there can be some logics, like:

• If Web page is underneath Fruits Class, then echo "That is associated to Fruits.";.
• If Web page is underneath Automobiles Class, then echo "That is associated to Automobiles.";.
• If Web page is underneath Know-how Class, then echo "That is associated to Applied sciences.";.

I dont know that is about Taxonomy or Tagging or Customized Discipline or one thing. However:

• What’s the ultimate approach to do it please? (Particularly to have the ability to management from backend coding.)

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And once more please let me repeat, “Pages”. (Not about Posts or every other)